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50A Review of Passive Acoustics Monitoring Results in the CoastalWaters off Western Taiwan for the Past DecadeMarine Research of the National Academy of Marine ResearchDOI: 10.29677/MR.202406_4(1).00044 CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our analysis of nearly a decade of passive acoustic monitoring data in the western waters of Taiwan not only reveals significant correlations within the biophony component of the soundscape via an automated acoustic indicator, but also identifies heightened fish calls associated with rises in sea surface temperature and during new moon phases across seasons. Additionally, our findings highlight the crucial importance of conducting comprehensive underwater acoustic surveys before, during, and after the construction and operational phases of offshore wind farms, mitigating the impact of vessel traffic on Taiwanese humpback dolphin encounters. Despite historical challenges in conducting sea experiments due to adverse weather conditions, leading to limited acoustic data availability, especially during winter and in offshore regions, passive acoustic monitoring remains an invaluable tool for evaluating the spatial and temporal distribution and variability of cetaceans and fishes. As emphasized by Cotter (2008), the underwater soundscape is instrumental in providing essential information to fish and other marine organisms. Furthermore, passive acoustic measurements serve as indispensable assets in marine biology and fisheries research (Cotter, 2008), facilitating the observation of dynamic ecosystem changes and enabling the establishment of baseline data for future assessments (Ahonen et al., 2017). We express our sincere appreciation to the Ministry of Science and Technology's National Energy Program, the National Academy of Marine Research under the Ocean Affairs Council, Synera Renewable Energy, Formosa Plastics Group, and Unitech New Energy Engineering Co., Ltd. for their invaluable support in the long-term monitoring of underwater acoustic environments in offshore wind farms. We are also grateful to Formosa Plastics Corporation for their support in monitoring underwater acoustics in the costal waters off western Taiwan. Special thanks to Professor Lien-Siang Chou for her insightful guidance in the study of cetacean ecology. We extend our heartfelt thanks to Captain Shih-Tung Wang, Captain Liu-Yu Yang, Mr. Wei-Shih Pan and his diving team, and Mr. Wen-Hua Ho and his anchoring technical team for their years of unwavering support and collaboration. Our gratitude is extended to Late Chairman Chong-Wu Wang, CEO Chiao-Ming Peng, and Chief Engineer Meng-Fan Tsai of OceanSound CO., Ltd. for their encouragement and assistance. Finally, we appreciate the efforts of the graduate students of the Underwater Acoustics Laboratory in the Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering of National Taiwan University who contributed significantly during sea expeditions.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS